Non Extradition Countries 2023

Non-extradition countries are nations that do not engage in the practice of extraditing their own citizens to other countries. Such countries usually have enacted laws that ban the extradition of their nationals, or they have yet to establish extradition treaties with other nations. This setup often allows individuals who have committed a crime in one country to elude justice by taking refuge in another non-extradition country. Numerous non-extradition countries exist globally, including but not limited to Cuba, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

Non Extradition Countries 2023

While these countries may inadvertently provide a sanctuary for individuals involved in criminal activities, they concurrently offer a haven for those seeking to escape political persecution. In many instances, those granted asylum in a non-extradition country can live free from the apprehension of being forcibly returned to their home country, where they could face imprisonment or even torture. For a more comprehensive understanding, consider exploring the writings of our expert extradition lawyers.

No extradition countries to the USA

No extradition countries to the USA

There exists a variety of countries globally that do not have extradition agreements with the United States, also known as countries with no extradition treaty with US or countries without extradition to the US. This implies that individuals sought by the US for criminal offenses cannot be compelled to return to the US for trial. Countries in this category include but are not limited to, Cuba, North Korea, and Vietnam.

This situation can create difficulties for the US government in its efforts to pursue legal action against such individuals. However, alternative strategies exist that can still facilitate the course of justice. For instance, the US might be able to extradite the individual from a third country that does maintain an extradition treaty with them. Another possibility could be conducting a trial in absentia. Thus, while no-extradition countries may pose obstacles for the US government, they still have the means to bring those accused to justice.

No extradition countries to the UK

No extradition countries to the UK

Several countries around the globe, including Afghanistan, Algeria, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, North Korea, Somalia, and Syria, have no extradition treaty with the UK. This denotes that the UK does not have the legal framework to extradite individuals to these countries. The reasons vary – in some instances, the lack of an extradition treaty is due to non-existent diplomatic relations between the UK and the country concerned. Alternatively, the UK may consider the country’s legal system insufficiently robust to handle extradited individuals justly.

Furthermore, the UK has displayed a reluctance to extradite people to nations where they might confront capital punishment. Therefore, individuals wanted by the authorities in these no extradition countries could potentially seek refuge in the UK. However, it’s essential to note that this does not guarantee absolute protection. The UK retains the discretion to decide on extraditions on a case-by-case basis.

No extradition countries to Australia

No extradition countries to Australia

There are no extradition countries in Australia. New Zealand is the closest country to Australia, but it does not have an extradition agreement with Australia. There are a number of reasons why this might be the case, including the fact that New Zealand is a small country with a limited number of resources. Additionally, New Zealand does not have a death penalty, which could make it difficult to extradite someone to Australia if they were facing charges that could result in a death sentence. Whatever the reason, the lack of an extradition agreement between Australia and New Zealand means that there is no way to force someone to return to Australia if they have fled to New Zealand.

No extradition countries to India

No extradition countries to India

There are no extradition countries with India. This means that if an individual is accused of a crime in India, they cannot be extradited to another country for trial. This can be a problem for law enforcement agencies when investigating cross-border crime, as it can be difficult to bring suspects to justice. However, there are some benefits to this arrangement. For instance, it can deter criminals from fleeing the country and makes it more likely that they will stand trial in India. Additionally, no extradition arrangements can sometimes be used as a bargaining chip in international negotiations. Nonetheless, the lack of extradition countries with India can pose challenges for law enforcement and may hinder the fight against cross-border crime.

No extradition countries in Africa

No extradition countries in Africa refer to nations that have no extradition treaties with other states. This means that if an individual is accused of a crime in another country, they cannot be extradited to that country to stand trial. There are a number of reasons why countries may choose not to extradite criminals. In some cases, it may be because the country does not have a formal legal system in place, or because the country does not recognize the extradition treaty. In other cases, it may be because the country does not want to extradite its own citizens. No matter the reason, no extradition countries provide safe havens for criminals.

No extradition countries in Africa

Below is a list of no-extradition countries in Africa:

  • Somalia
  • Eritrea
  • South Sudan
  • Sudan
  • Djibouti
  • Liberia
  • Burundi
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Comoros
  • The Gambia

Countries like Somalia, Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan, and Djibouti have never had an extradition treaty with any other nation. For these countries, it is simply not something that has been a priority. Liberia, on the other hand, used to have an extradition treaty with the United States but it was later repealed. Burundi has also had issues with extraditing criminals in the past. In 2014, they refused to extradite a man accused of terrorism, despite having an extradition treaty with Belgium. Guinea-Bissau and Comoros do not have any extradition treaties but they are both members of Interpol which makes it easier to track down criminals. The Gambia is the only country on this list that is not a member of Interpol. However, they do have the Extradition Act which allows them to extradite criminals if they are accused of crimes such as murder and rape. No matter the reason, no extradition countries provide safe havens for criminals.

Expatriation & Non-Extradition Countries

Expatriation & Non-Extradition Countries

Expatriation denotes the process of departing one’s home country to take up residence in a different nation. This move can be motivated by a variety of factors including employment, education, or familial considerations. The journey of expatriation can be challenging, often demanding adaptability to new cultural norms and languages. Additionally, expatriates might grapple with homesickness and a sense of solitude in their new environment.

However, it’s noteworthy that some countries do not participate in extradition, rendering them countries that don’t extradite or countries without extradition. This implies these nations will not return individuals accused of crimes to their native countries. Such nations often maintain significant relations with the country of origin, and in some cases, could even be viewed as safe havens for criminals. Countries that fall under this classification include Cuba, North Korea, and Russia, which are amongst the countries with no extradition.

Expatriates should familiarize themselves with the legal framework of their destination country. This understanding is crucial as, despite their expatriate status, they could be subjected to extradition proceedings if implicated in a crime.

At our firm, we specialize in providing expert legal guidance on various aspects of international law. You can also read about our team of experienced sanctions lawyers who are dedicated to helping clients navigate the complexities of international sanctions regulations. In addition to that, we also provide services related to compliance with US sanctions regulations, as our OFAC sanctions lawyer team is skilled in resolving OFAC-related disputes.

Kendall Coffey
Senior Partner
Mr. Coffey is a former U.S. Attorney, Southern District of Florida (1993-1996); and served as Chair of, the Southern District Conference, Florida Federal Judicial Nominating Commission (April 2009 – January 2017).

Non Extradition Countries FAQ

Which country has no extradition?
There isn't a specific country with absolutely no extradition; however, several countries have limited or no extradition treaties with certain other nations. The degree of extradition cooperation depends on the countries involved and their diplomatic relationships.
What countries don't extradite to the UK?
Some countries that have no extradition treaty with the UK include Afghanistan, Armenia, Belarus, and Somalia. However, extradition can still be requested on a case-by-case basis, and the decision to cooperate might depend on the nature of the crime and the countries' diplomatic relations.
What is a non-extradition country, and how does it differ from other countries in terms of legal procedures?
A non-extradition country is a nation that has no formal agreement to extradite fugitives to other countries. This differs from countries with extradition treaties, which have agreed to cooperate in returning fugitives to face legal consequences in the requesting country. Non-extradition countries might refuse extradition requests for various reasons, such as political differences, human rights concerns, or the absence of a treaty.
What are some examples of non-extradition countries, and do their policies on extradition vary?
Some examples of countries with limited or no extradition agreements include Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea. Their policies on extradition can vary depending on the countries involved, the nature of the crime, and their diplomatic relations. It's important to note that even in the absence of a formal treaty, ad hoc arrangements or case-by-case negotiations can still lead to extradition.
What factors might lead an individual to seek refuge in a non-extradition country, and are there any legal implications for doing so?
Individuals might seek refuge in a non-extradition country to avoid facing legal consequences in their home country, such as criminal charges or political persecution. Legal implications of seeking refuge in a non-extradition country can vary; while the host country might refuse to extradite, the fugitive may still face arrest and prosecution if they travel to a country with an extradition treaty with their home country. Additionally, the individual's actions could strain diplomatic relations between the two nations.
Is Dubai a non-extradition country?
Dubai, as part of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has extradition treaties with several countries, including the UK and the US. It is not considered a non-extradition country.
Does Dubai extradite to the US?
Yes, Dubai, as part of the UAE, has an extradition treaty with the US. However, extradition requests are handled on a case-by-case basis and may depend on the nature of the crime and other factors.
Does Northern Cyprus have an extradition treaty with the UK?
Northern Cyprus, officially known as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, is not recognized by the UK or most other countries as an independent nation, and there is no formal extradition treaty between the UK and Northern Cyprus. Extradition requests may be handled indirectly through Turkey, which does have an extradition treaty with the UK, but the process can be complex and uncertain.
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